MS excel formulas and Functions

 Microsoft Excel is a powerful spreadsheet program that offers a wide range of formulas and functions to perform calculations, analyze data, and automate tasks. Here is a comprehensive list of Excel formulas and functions as of my knowledge cutoff in September 2021. Please note that Excel is regularly updated, and new functions may have been introduced since then.

1. Mathematical Functions:

   - SUM: Adds a range of cells.

   - AVERAGE: Calculates the average of a range of cells.

   - MAX: Returns the highest value in a range of cells.

   - MIN: Returns the lowest value in a range of cells.

   - COUNT: Counts the number of cells that contain numbers.

   - ROUND: Rounds a number to a specified number of decimal places.

   - ABS: Returns the absolute value of a number.

   - SQRT: Returns the square root of a number.

   - POWER: Raises a number to a specified power.

2. Text Functions:

   - CONCATENATE: Joins two or more text strings together.

   - LEFT: Extracts a specified number of characters from the beginning of a text string.

   - RIGHT: Extracts a specified number of characters from the end of a text string.

   - MID: Extracts a specified number of characters from a text string, starting at a specified position.

   - LEN: Returns the length of a text string.

   - UPPER: Converts text to uppercase.

   - LOWER: Converts text to lowercase.

   - PROPER: Capitalizes the first letter of each word in a text string.

   - SUBSTITUTE: Replaces text in a text string with new text.

3. Logical Functions:

   - IF: Checks whether a condition is met and returns one value if true and another value if false.

   - AND: Checks whether all conditions are true and returns true if they are.

   - OR: Checks whether at least one condition is true and returns true if any are.

   - NOT: Reverses the logical value of a given condition.

4. Date and Time Functions:

   - TODAY: Returns the current date.

   - NOW: Returns the current date and time.

   - DATE: Creates a date value from year, month, and day values.

   - TIME: Creates a time value from hour, minute, and second values.

   - YEAR: Returns the year from a given date.

   - MONTH: Returns the month from a given date.

   - DAY: Returns the day from a given date.

   - HOUR: Returns the hour from a given time.

   - MINUTE: Returns the minute from a given time.

   - SECOND: Returns the second from a given time.

5. Statistical Functions:

   - STDEV: Calculates the standard deviation based on a sample.

   - STDEVP: Calculates the standard deviation based on an entire population.

   - VAR: Calculates the variance based on a sample.

   - VARP: Calculates the variance based on an entire population.

   - COUNTIF: Counts the number of cells that meet a specified condition.

   - AVERAGEIF: Calculates the average of a range of cells that meet a specified condition.

   - SUMIF: Adds the values in a range of cells that meet a specified condition.

6. Lookup and Reference Functions:

   - VLOOKUP: Searches for a value in the leftmost column of a table and returns a value in the same row from a specified column.

   - HLOOKUP: Searches for a value in the top row of a table and returns a value in the same column from a specified row.

   - INDEX: Returns the value of a cell in a specified row and column of a range.

   - MATCH: Searches for a value in a range of cells and returns the relative position of that